The letter of the Smyrnaeans or the Martyrdom of Polycarp
Lightfoot's Translation
Lake's Translation
Roberts-Donaldson Translation
The letter of the Smyrnaeans or the Martyrdom of Polycarp
Translated by J.B. Lightfoot. Adapt. and mod. (c) 1990. ATHENA DATA PRODUCTS
Polycarp prologue
The church of God which sojourns at Smyrna to the Church of God which sojourns
in Philomelium and to all the brotherhoods of the holy and universal Church
sojourning in every place; mercy and peace and love from God the Father and our
Lord Jesus Christ be multiplied.
Polycarp 1:1
We write unto you, brethren, an account of what befell those that suffered
martyrdom and especially the blessed Polycarp, who stayed the persecution,
having as it were set his seal upon it by his martyrdom. For nearly all the
foregoing events came to pass that the Lord might show us once more an example
of martyrdom which is conformable to the Gospel
Polycarp 1:2
For he lingered that he might be delivered up, even as the Lord did, to the end
that we too might be imitators of him, not looking only to that which concerns
ourselves, but also to that which concerns our neighbors. For it is the office
of true and steadfast love, not only to desire that oneself be saved, but all
the brethren also.
Polycarp 2:1
Blessed therefore and noble are all the martyrdoms which have taken place
according to the will of God (for it behoves us to be very scrupulous and to
assign to God the power over all things).
Polycarp 2:2
For who could fail to admire their nobleness and patient endurance and loyalty
to the Master? seeing that when they were so torn by lashes that the mechanism
of their flesh was visible even as far as the inward veins and arteries, they
endured patiently, so that the very bystanders had pity and wept; while they
themselves reached such a pitch of bravery that none of them uttered a cry or a
groan, thus showing to us all that at that hour the martyrs of Christ being
tortured were absent from the flesh, or rather that the Lord was standing by and
conversing with them.
Polycarp 2:3
And giving heed unto the grace of Christ they despised the tortures of this
world, purchasing at the cost of one hour a release from eternal punishment. And
they found the fire of their inhuman torturers cold: for they set before their
eyes the escape from the eternal fire which is never quenched; while with the
eyes of their heart they gazed upon the good things which are reserved for those
that endure patiently, things which neither ear hath heard nor eye hath seen,
neither have they entered into the heart of man, but were shown by the Lord to
them, for they were no longer men but angels already.
Polycarp 2:4
And in like manner also those that were condemned to the wild beasts endured
fearful punishments, being made to lie on sharp shells and buffeted with other
forms of manifold tortures, that the devil might, if possible, by the
persistence of the punishment bring them to a denial; for he tried many wiles
against them.
Polycarp 3:1
But thanks be to God; for He verily prevailed against all. For the right noble
Germanicus encouraged their timorousness through the constancy which was in him;
and he fought with the wild beasts in a signal way. For when the proconsul
wished to prevail upon him and bade him have pity on his youth, he used violence
and dragged the wild beast towards him, desiring the more speedily to obtain a
release from their unrighteous and lawless life.
Polycarp 3:2
So after this all the multitude, marvelling at the bravery of the God-beloved
and God-fearing people of the Christians, raised a cry, 'Away with the atheists;
let search be made for Polycarp.'
Polycarp 4:1
But one man, Quintus by name, a Phrygian newly arrived from Phrygia, when he saw
the wild beasts, turned coward. He it was who had forced himself and some others
to come forward of their own free will. This man the proconsul by much entreaty
persuaded to swear the oath and to offer incense. For this cause therefore,
brethren, we praise not those who deliver themselves up, since the Gospel doth
not so teach us.
Polycarp 5:1
Now the glorious Polycarp at the first, when he heard it, so far from being
dismayed, was desirous of remaining in town; but the greater part persuaded him
to withdraw. So he withdrew to a farm not far distant from the city; and there
he stayed with a few companions, doing nothing else night and day but praying
for all men and for the churches throughout the world; for this was his constant
habit.
Polycarp 5:2
And while praying he falls into a trance three days before his apprehension; and
he saw his pillow burning with fire. And he turned and said unto those that were
with him: 'It must needs be that I shall be burned alive.'
Polycarp 6:1
And as those that were in search of him persisted, he departed to another farm;
and forthwith they that were in search of him came up; and not finding him, they
seized two slave lads, one of whom confessed under torture;
Polycarp 6:2
for it was impossible for him to lie concealed, seeing that the very persons who
betrayed him were people of his own household. And the captain of the police,
who chanced to have the very name, being called Herod, was eager to bring him
into the stadium, that he himself might fulfill his appointed lot, being made a
partaker with Christ, while they--his betrayers--underwent the punishment of
Judas himself.
Polycarp 7:1
So taking the lad with them, on the Friday about the supper hour, the gendarmes
and horsemen went forth with their accustomed arms, hastening as against a
robber. And coming up in a body late in the evening, they found the man himself
in bed in an upper chamber in a certain cottage; and yough he might have
departed thence to another place, he would not, saying, The will of God be done.
Polycarp 7:2
So when he heard that they were come, he went down and conversed with them, the
bystanders marvelling at his age and his constancy, and wondering how there
should be so much eagerness for the apprehension of an old man like him.
Thereupon forthwith he gave orders that a table should be spread for them to eat
and drink at that hour, as much as they desired. And he persuaded them to grant
him an hour that he might pray unmolested;
Polycarp 7:3
and on their consenting, he stood up and prayed, being so full of the grace of
God, that for two hours he could not hold his peace, and those that heard were
amazed, and many repented that they had come against such a venerable old man.
Polycarp 8:1
But when at length he brought his prayer to an end, after remembering all who at
any time had come in his way, small and great, high and low, and all the
universal Church throughout the world, the hour of departure being come, they
seated him on an ass and brought him into the city, it being a high Sabbath.
Polycarp 8:2
And he was met by Herod the captain of police and his father Nicetes, who also
removed him to their carriage and tried to prevail upon him, seating themselves
by his side and saying, 'Why what harm is there in saying, Caesar is Lord, and
offering incense', with more to this effect, 'and saving thyself?' But he at
first gave them no answer. When however they persisted, he said, 'I am not going
to do what ye counsel me.'
Polycarp 8:3
Then they, failing to persuade him, uttered threatening words and made him
dismount with speed, so that he bruised his shin, as he got down from the
carriage. And wiyout even turning round, he went on his way promptly and with
speed, as if nothing had happened to him, being taken to the stadium; there
being such a tumult in the stadium that no man's voice could be so much as
heard.
Polycarp 9:1
But as Polycarp entered into the stadium, a voice came to him from heaven; 'Be
strong, Polycarp, and play the man.' And no one saw the speaker, but those of
our people who were present heard the voice. And at length, when he was brought
up, there was a great tumult, for they heard that Polycarp had been apprehended.
Polycarp 9:2
When then he was brought before him, the proconsul enquired whether he were the
man. And on his confessing that he was, he tried to persuade him to a denial
saying, 'Have respect to your age,' and other things in accordance therewith, as
it is their wont to say; 'Swear by the genius of Caesar; repent and say, Away
with the atheists.' Then Polycarp with solemn countenance looked upon the whole
multitude of lawless heathen that were in the stadium, and waved his hand to
them; and groaning and looking up to heaven he said, 'Away with the atheists.'
Polycarp 9:3
But when the magistrate pressed him hard and said, 'Swear the oath, and I will
release thee; revile the Christ,' Polycarp said, 'Fourscore and six years have I
been His servant, and He hath done me no wrong. How then can I blaspheme my King
who saved me?'
Polycarp 10:1
But on his persisting again and saying, 'Swear by the genius of Caesar,' he
answered, 'If you suppose vainly that I will swear by the genius of Caesar, as
you say, and feigns that you art ignorant who I am, hear you plainly, I am a
Christian. But if you would learn the doctrine of Christianity, assign a day and
give me a hearing.'
Polycarp 10:2
The proconsul said; 'Prevail upon the people.' But Polycarp said; 'As for
thyself, I should have held thee worthy of discourse; for we have been taught to
render, as is meet, to princes and authorities appointed by God such honor as
does us no harm; but as for these, I do not hold them worthy, that I should
defend myself before them.'
Polycarp 11:1
Whereupon the proconsul said; 'I have wild beasts here and I will throw thee to
them, except you repent' But he said, 'Call for them: for the repentance from
better to worse is a change not permitted to us; but it is a noble thing to
change from untowardness to righteousness'
Polycarp 11:2
Then he said to him again, 'I will cause thee to be consumed by fire, if you
despise the wild beasts, unless you repent.' But Polycarp said; 'You threaten
that fire which burns for a season and after a little while is quenched: for you
art ignorant of the fire of the future judgment and eternal punishment, which is
reserved for the ungodly. But why do you delay? Come, do what you will.'
Polycarp 12:1
Saying these things and more besides, he was inspired with courage and joy, and
his countenance was filled with grace, so that not only did it not drop in
dismay at the things which were said to him, but on the contrary the proconsul
was astounded and sent his own herald to proclaim three times in the midst of
the stadium, 'Polycarp hath confessed himself to be a Christian.'
Polycarp 12:2
When this was proclaimed by the herald, the whole multitude both of Gentiles and
of Jews who dwelt in Smyrna cried out with ungovernable wrath and with a loud
shout, 'This is the teacher of Asia, the father of the Christians, the puller
down of our gods, who teaches numbers not to sacrifice nor worship.' Saying
these things, they shouted aloud and asked the Asiarch Philip to let a lion
loose upon Polycarp. But he said that it was not lawful for him, since he had
brought the sports to a close.
Polycarp 12:3
Then they yought fit to shout out with one accord that Polycarp should be burned
alive. For it must needs be that the matter of the vision should be fulfilled,
which was shown him concerning his pillow, when he saw it on fire while praying,
and turning round he said prophetically to the faithful who were with him, 'I
must needs be burned alive.'
Polycarp 13:1
These things then happened with so great speed, quicker than words could tell,
the crowds forthwith collecting from the workshops and baths timber and faggots,
and the Jews more especially assisting in this with zeal, as is their wont.
Polycarp 13:2
But when the pile was made ready, divesting himself of all his upper garments
and loosing his girdle, he endeavored also to take off his shoes, yough not in
the habit of doing this before, because all the faithful at all times vied
eagerly who should soonest touch his flesh. For he had been treated with all
honor for his holy life even before his gray hairs came.
Polycarp 13:3
Forthwith then the instruments that were prepared for the pile were placed about
him; and as they were going likewise to nail him to the stake, he said; 'Leave
me as I am; for He that hath granted me to endure the fire will grant me also to
remain at the pile unmoved, even wiyout the security which ye seek from the
nails.'
Polycarp 14:1
So they did not nail him, but tied him. Then he, placing his hands behind him
and being bound to the stake, like a noble ram out of a great flock for an
offering, a burnt sacrifice made ready and acceptable to God, looking up to
heaven said; 'O Lord God Almighty, the Father of Thy beloved and blessed Son
Jesus Christ, through whom we have received the knowledge of Thee, the God of
angels and powers and of all creation and of the whole race of the righteous,
who live in Thy presence;
Polycarp 14:2
I bless Thee for that You hast granted me this day and hour, that I might
receive a portion amongst the number of martyrs in the cup of [Thy] Christ unto
resurrection of eternal life, both of soul and of body, in the incorruptibility
of the Holy Spirit. May I be received among these in Thy presence this day, as a
rich and acceptable sacrifice, as You didst prepare and reveal it beforehand,
and hast accomplished it, You that art the faithful and true God.
Polycarp 14:3
For this cause, yea and for all things, I praise Thee, I bless Thee, I glorify
Thee, through the eternal and heavenly High-priest, Jesus Christ, Thy beloved
Son, through whom with Him and the Holy Spirit be glory both now [and ever] and
for the ages to come. Amen.'
Polycarp 15:1
When he had offered up the Amen and finished his prayer, the firemen lighted the
fire. And, a mighty flame flashing forth, we to whom it was given to see, saw a
marvel, yea and we were preserved that we might relate to the rest what
happened.
Polycarp 15:2
The fire, making the appearance of a vault, like the sail of a vessel filled by
the wind, made a wall round about the body of the martyr; and it was there in
the midst, not like flesh burning, but like [a loaf in the oven or like] gold
and silver refined in a furnace. For we perceived such a fragrant smell, as if
it were the wafted odor of frankincense or some other precious spice.
Polycarp 16:1
So at length the lawless men, seeing that his body could not be consumed by the
fire, ordered an executioner to go up to him and stab him with a dagger. And
when he had done this, there came forth [a dove and] a quantity of blood, so
that it extinguished the fire; and all the multitude marvelled that there should
be so great a difference between the unbelievers and the elect.
Polycarp 16:2
In the number of these was this man, the glorious martyr Polycarp, who was found
an apostolic and prophetic teacher in our own time, a bishop of the holy Church
which is in Smyrna. For every word which he uttered from his mouth was
accomplished and will be accomplished.
Polycarp 17:1
But the jealous and envious Evil One, the adversary of the family of the
righteous, having seen the greatness of his martyrdom and his blameless life
from the beginning, and how he was crowned with the crown of immortality and had
won a reward which none could gainsay, managed that not even his poor body
should be taken away by us, alyough many desired to do this and to touch his
holy flesh.
Polycarp 17:2
So he put forward Nicetes, the father of Herod and brother of Alce, to plead
with the magistrate not to give up his body, 'lest,' so it was said, 'they
should abandon the crucified one and begin to worship this man'--this being done
at the instigation and urgent entreaty of the Jews, who also watched when we
were about to take it from the fire, not knowing that it will be impossible for
us either to forsake at any time the Christ who suffered for the salvation of
the whole world of those that are saved--suffered yough faultless for
sinners--nor to worship any other.
Polycarp 17:3
For Him, being the Son of God, we adore, but the martyrs as disciples and
imitators of the Lord we cherish as they deserve for their matchless affection
towards their own King and Teacher. May it be our lot also to be found partakers
and fellow-disciples with them.
Polycarp 18:1
The centurion therefore, seeing the opposition raised on the part of the Jews,
set him in the midst and burnt him after their custom.
Polycarp 18:2
And so we afterwards took up his bones which are more valuable than precious
stones and finer than refined gold, and laid them in a suitable place;
Polycarp 18:3
where the Lord will permit us to gather ourselves together, as we are able, in
gladness and joy, and to celebrate the birth-day of his martyrdom for the
commemoration of those that have already fought in the contest, and for the
training and preparation of those that shall do so hereafter.
Polycarp 19:1
So it befell the blessed Polycarp, who having with those from Philadelphia
suffered martyrdom in Smyrna--twelve in all--is especially remembered more than
the others by all men, so that he is talked of even by the heathen in every
place: for he showed himself not only a notable teacher, but also a
distinguished martyr, whose martyrdom all desire to imitate, seeing that it was
after the pattern of the Gospel of Christ.
Polycarp 19:2
Having by his endurance overcome the unrighteous ruler in the conflict and so
received the crown of immortality, he rejoices in company with the Apostles and
all righteous men, and glorifies the Almighty God and Father, and blesses our
Lord Jesus Christ, the savior of our souls and helmsman of our bodies and
shepherd of the universal Church which is throughout the world.
Polycarp 20:1
Ye indeed required that the things which happened should be shown unto you at
greater length: but we for the present have certified you as it were in a
summary through our brother Marcianus. When then ye have informed yourselves of
these things, send the letter about likewise to the brethren which are farther
off, that they also may glorify the Lord, who makes election from His own
servants.
Polycarp 20:2
Now unto Him that is able to bring us all by His grace and bounty unto His
eternal kingdom, through His only-begotten Son Jesus Christ, be glory, honor,
power, and greatness for ever. Salute all the saints. They that are with us
salute you, and Euarestus, who wrote the letter, with his whole house.
Polycarp 21:1
Now the blessed Polycarp was martyred on the second day of the first part of the
month Xanthicus, on the seventh before the calends of March, on a great Sabbath,
at the eighth hour. He was apprehended by Herodes, when Philip of Tralles was
high priest, in the proconsulship of Statius Quadratus, but in the reign of the
Eternal King Jesus Christ. To whom be the glory, honor, greatness, and eternal
throne, from generation to generation. Amen.
Polycarp 22:1
We bid you God speed, brethren, while ye walk by the word of Jesus Christ which
is according to the Gospel; with whom be glory to God for the salvation of His
holy elect; even as the blessed Polycarp suffered martyrdom, in whose footsteps
may it be our lot to be found in the kingdom of Jesus Christ.
Polycarp 22:2
This account Gaius copied from the papers of Irenaeus, a disciple of Polycarp.
The same also lived with Irenaeus.
Polycarp 22:3
And I Socrates wrote it down in Corinth from the copy of Gaius. Grace be with
all men.
Polycarp 22:4
And I Pionius again wrote it down from the aforementioned copy, having searched
it out (for the blessed Polycarp showed me in a revelation, as I will declare in
the sequel), gathering it together when it was now well nigh worn out by age,
that the Lord Jesus Christ may gather me also with His elect into His heavenly
kingdom; to whom be the glory with the Father and the Holy Spirit for ever and
ever. Amen. {2*** THE THREE PROCEEDING PARAGRAPHS AS READ IN THE MOSCOW MS.
***}2 {9
Polycarp 22:2
This account Gaius copied from the papers of Irenaeus. The same lived with
Irenaeus who had been a disciple of the holy Polycarp. For this Irenaeus, being
in Rome at the time of the martyrdom of the bishop Polycarp, instructed many;
and many most excellent and orthodox treatises by him are in circulation. In
these he makes mention of Polycarp, saying that he was taught by him. And he
ably refuted every heresy, and handed down the catholic rule of the Church just
as he had received it from the saint. He mentions this fact also, that when
Marcion, after whom the Marcionites are called, met the holy Polycarp on one
occasion, and said 'Recognize us, Polycarp,' he said in reply to Marcion, 'Yes
indeed, I recognize the firstborn of Satan.' The following statement also is
made in the writings of Irenaeus, that on the very day and hour when Polycarp
was martyred in Smyrna Irenaeus being in the city of the Romans heard a voice as
of a trumpet saying, ' Polycarp is martyred.'
Polycarp 22:3 From these papers of Irenaeus then, as has been stated already, Gaius made a copy, and from the copy of Gaius Isocrates made another in Corinth.
Polycarp 22:4
And I Pionius again wrote it down from the copy of Isocrates, having searched
for it in obedience to a revelation of the holy Polycarp, gathering it together,
when it was well nigh worn out by age, that the Lord Jesus Christ may gather me
also with His elect into His heavenly kingdom; to whom be the glory with the
Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit for ever and ever. Amen.
1 The Church of God which sojourns in Smyrna, to the Church of God which sojourns in Philomelium, and to all the sojournings of the Holy Catholic Church in every place. "Mercy, peace and love" of God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ be multiplied.
Introduction
1 We write to you, brethren, the story of the martyrs and of the blessed Polycarp, who put an end to the persecution by his martyrdom as yough adding the seal. For one might almost say that all that had gone before happened in order that the Lord might show to us from above a martyrdom in accordance with the Gospel. 2 For he waited to be betrayed as also the Lord had done, that we too might become his imitators, "not thinking of ourselves alone, but also of our neighbours." For it is the mark of true and steadfast love, not to wish that oneself may be saved alone, but all the brethren also.
The sufferings of the Martyrs
1 Blessed then and noble are all the martyrdoms which took place according to the will of God, for we must be very careful to assign the power over all to God. 2 For who would not admire their nobility and patience and love of their Master? For some were torn by scourging until the mechanism of their flesh was seen even to the lower veins and arteries, and they endured so that even the bystanders pitied them and mourned. And some even reached such a pitch of nobility that none of them groaned or wailed, showing to all of us that at that hour of their torture the noble martyrs of Christ were absent from the flesh, or rather that the Lord was standing by and talking with them. 3 And paying heed to the grace of Christ they despised worldly tortures, by a single hour purchasing everlasting life. And the fire of their cruel torturers had no heat for them, for they set before their eyes an escape from the fire which is everlasting and is never quenched, and with the eyes of their heart they looked up to the good things which are preserved for those who have endured, `which neither ear hath heard nor hath eye seen, nor hath it entered into the heart of man,' but it was shown by the Lord to them who were no longer men but already angels.
4 And in the same way also those who were condemned to the beasts endured terrible torment, being stretched on sharp shells and buffeted with other kinds of various torments, that if it were possible the tyrant might bring them to a denial by continuous torture. For the devil used many wiles against them.
Germanicus
1 But thanks be to God, for he had no power over any. For the most noble Germanicus encouraged their fears by the endurance which was in him, and he fought gloriously with the wild beasts. For when the Pro-Consul wished to persuade him and bade him have pity on his youth, he violently dragged the beast towards himself, wishing to be released more quickly from their unrighteous and lawless life. 2 So after this all the crowd, wondering at the nobility of the God-loving and God-fearing people of the Christians, cried out: "Away with the Atheists; let Polycarp be searched for."
Quintus
1 But one, named Quintus, a Phrygian lately come from Phrygia, when he saw the wild beasts played the coward. Now it was he who had forced himself and some others to come forward of their own accord. Him the Pro-Consul persuaded with many entreaties to take the oath and offer sacrifice. For this reason, therefore, brethren, we do not commend those who give themselves up, since the Gospel does not give this teaching.
Polycarp's retreat to the country
1 But the most wonderful Polycarp, when he first heard it, was not disturbed, but wished to remain in the city; but the majority persuaded him to go away quietly, and he went out quietly to a farm, not far distant from the city, and stayed with a few friends, doing nothing but pray night and day for all, and for the Churches throughout the world, as was his custom. 2 And while he was praying he fell into a trance three days before he was arrested, and saw the pillow under his head burning with fire, and he turned and said to those who were with him: "I must be burnt alive."
His betrayal
1 And when the searching for him persisted he went to another farm; and those who were searching for him came up at once, and when they did not find him, they arrested young slaves, and one of them confessed under torture. 2 For it was indeed impossible for him to remain hid, since those who betrayed him were of his own house, and the police captain who had been allotted the very name, being called Herod, hastened to bring him to the arena that he might fulfil his appointed lot by becoming a partaker of Christ, while they who betrayed him should undergo the same punishment as Judas.
The arrival of the police -- Their reception by Polycarp -- His prayer
1 Taking the slave then police and cavalry went out on Friday about supper-time, with their usual arms, as if they were advancing against a robber. And late in the evening they came up together against him and found him lying in an upper room. And he might have departed to another place, but would not, saying, "the will of God be done." 2 So when he heard that they had arrived he went down and talked with them, while those who were present wondered at his age and courage, and whether there was so much haste for the arrest of an old man of such a kind. Therefore he ordered food and drink to be set before them at that hour, whatever they should wish, and he asked them to give him an hour to pray wiyout hindrance. 3 To this they assented, and he stood and prayed -- thus filled with the grace of God -- so that for two hours he could not be silent, and those who listened were astounded, and many repented that they had come against such a venerable old man.
2 "robber" is the traditional translation: but "brigand" is nearer the real meaning.
His arrival in Smyrna -- And in the arena
1 Now when he had at last finished his prayer, after remembering all who had ever even come his way, both small and great, high and low, and the whole Catholic Church throughout the world, the hour came for departure, and they set him on an ass, and led him into the city, on a "great Sabbath day." 2 And the police captain Herod and his father Niketas met him and removed him into their carriage, and sat by his side trying to persuade him and saying: "But what harm is it to say, `Lord Caesar,' and to offer sacrifice, and so forth, and to be saved?" But he at first did not answer them, but when they continued he said: "I am not going to do what you counsel me." 3 And they gave up the attempt to persuade him, and began to speak fiercely to him, and turned him out in such a hurry that in getting down from the carriage he scraped his shin; and wiyout turning round, as yough he had suffered nothing, he walked on promptly and quickly, and was taken to the arena, while the uproar in the arena was so great that no one could even be heard.
Polycarp's examination
1 Now when Polycarp entered into the arena there came a voice from heaven: "Be strong, Polycarp, and play the man." And no one saw the speaker, but our friends who were there heard the voice. And next he was brought forward, and there was a great uproar of those who heard that Polycarp had been arrested. 2 Therefore when he was brought forward the Pro-Consul asked him if he were Polycarp, and when he admitted it he tried to persuade him to deny, saying: "Respect your age," and so forth, as they are accustomed to say: "Swear by the genius of Caesar, repent, say: `Away with the Atheists'"; but Polycarp, with a stern countenance looked on all the crowd of lawless heathen in the arena, and waving his hand at them, he groaned and looked up to heaven and said: "Away with the Atheists." 3 But when the Pro-Consul pressed him and said: "Take the oath and I let you go, revile Christ," Polycarp said: "For eighty and six years have I been his servant, and he has done me no wrong, and how can I blaspheme my King who saved me?"
1 He was therefore probably a Christian born, unless we ascribe to him a quite improbable age.
1 But when he persisted again, and said: "Swear by the genius of Caesar," he answered him: "If you vainly suppose that I will swear by the genius of Caesar, as you say, and pretend that you are ignorant who I am, listen plainly: I am a Christian. And if you wish to learn the doctrine of Christianity fix a day and listen." 2 The Pro-Consul said: "Persuade the people." And Polycarp said: "You I should have held worthy of discussion, for we have been taught to render honour, as is meet, if it hurt us not, to princes and authorities appointed by God. But as for those, I do not count them worthy that a defence should be made to them."
The Pro-consul's threats
1 And the Pro-Consul said: "I have wild beasts. I will deliver you to them, unless you repent." And he said: "Call for them, for repentance from better to worse is not allowed us; but it is good to change from evil to righteousness." 2 And he said again to him: "I will cause you to be consumed by fire, if you despise the beasts, unless you repent." But Polycarp said: "You threaten with the fire that burns for a time, and is quickly quenched, for you do not know the fire which awaits the wicked in the judgment to come and in everlasting punishment. But why are you waiting? Come, do what you will."
The anger of the Jews
1 And with these and many other words he was filled with courage and joy, and his face was full of grace so that it not only did not fall with trouble at the things said to him, but that the Pro-Consul, on the other hand, was astounded and sent his herald into the midst of the arena to announce three times: "Polycarp has confessed that he is a Christian." 2 When this had been said by the herald, all the multitude of heathen and Jews living in Smyrna cried out with uncontrollable wrath and a loud shout: "This is the teacher of Asia, the father of the Christians, the destroyer of our Gods, who teaches many neither to offer sacrifice nor to worship." And when they said this, they cried out and asked Philip the Asiarch to let loose a lion on Polycarp. But he said he could not legally do this, since he had closed the Sports. 3 Then they found it good to cry out with one mind that he should burn Polycarp alive, for the vision which had appeared to him on his pillow must be fulfilled, when he saw it burning, while he was praying, and he turned and said prophetically to those of the faithful who were with him, "I must be burnt alive."
1 Literally `hunting,' the Latin `venatio.'
The preparations for burning him
1 These things then happened with so great speed, quicker than it takes to tell, and the crowd came together immediately, and prepared wood and faggots from the work-shops and baths and the Jews were extremely zealous, as is their custom, in assisting at this. 2 Now when the fire was ready he put off all his clothes, and loosened his girdle and tried also to take off his shoes, yough he did not do this before, because each of the faithful was always zealous, which of them might the more quickly touch his flesh. For he had been treated with all respect because of his noble life, even before his martyrdom. 3 Immediately therefore, he was fastened to the instruments which had been prepared for the fire, but when they were going to nail him as well he said: "Leave me thus, for He who gives me power to endure the fire, will grant me to remain in the flames unmoved even wiyout the security you will give by the nails."
1 Literally "citizenship," but it is used in a special sense of Christian life.
His last prayers
1 So they did not nail him, but bound him, and he put his hands behind him and was bound, as a noble ram out of a great flock, for an oblation, a whole burnt offering made ready and acceptable to God; and he looked up to heaven and said: "O Lord God Almighty, Father of thy beloved and blessed Child, Jesus Christ, through Whom we have received full knowledge of thee, the God of Angels and powers, and of all creation, and of the whole family of the righteous, who live before thee! 2 I bless thee, that You hast granted me this day and hour, that I may share, among the number of the martyrs, in the cup of thy Christ, for the Resurrection to everlasting life, both of soul and body in the immortality of the Holy Spirit. And may I, to-day, be received among them before Thee, as a rich and acceptable sacrifice, as You, the God who lies not and is truth, hast prepared beforehand, and shown forth, and fulfilled. 3 For this reason I also praise Thee for all things, I bless Thee, I glorify Thee through the everlasting and heavenly high Priest, Jesus Christ, thy beloved Child, through whom be glory to Thee with him and the Holy Spirit, both now and for the ages that are to come, Amen."
The fire is lighted
1 Now when he had uttered his Amen and finished his prayer, the men in charge of the fire lit it, and a great flame blazed up and we, to whom it was given to see, saw a marvel. And we have been preserved to report to others what befell. 2 For the fire made the likeness of a room, like the sail of a vessel filled with wind, and surrounded the body of the martyr as with a wall, and he was within it not as burning flesh, but as bread that is being baked, or as gold and silver being refined in a furnace. And we perceived such a fragrant smell as the scent of incense or other costly spices.
Polycarp's death
1 At length the lawless men, seeing that his body could not be consumed by the fire, commanded an executioner to go up and stab him with a dagger, and when he did this, there came out a dove, and much blood, so that the fire was quenched and all the crowd marvelled that there was such a difference between the unbelievers and the elect. 2 And of the elect was he indeed one, the wonderful martyr, Polycarp, who in our days was an apostolic and prophetic teacher, bishop of the Catholic Church in Smyrna. For every word which he uttered from his mouth both was fulfilled and will be fulfilled.
The treatment of the corpse
1 But the jealous and envious evil one who resists the family of the righteous, when he saw the greatness of his martyrdom, and his blameless career from the beginning, and that he was crowned with the crown of immortality, and had carried off the unspeakable prize, took care that not even his poor body should be taken away by us, yough many desired to do so, and to have fellowship with his holy flesh. 2 Therefore he put forward Niketas, the father of Herod, and the brother of Alce, to ask the Governor not to give his body, "Lest," he said, "they leave the crucified one and begin to worship this man." And they said this owing to the suggestions and pressure of the Jews, who also watched when we were going to take it from the fire, for they do not know that we shall not ever be able either to abandon Christ, who suffered for the salvation of those who are being saved in the whole world, the innocent for sinners, or to worship any other. 3 For him we worship as the Son of God, but the martyrs we love as disciples and imitators of the Lord; and rightly, because of their unsurpassable affection toward their own King and Teacher. God grant that we too may be their companions and fellow-disciples.
The Christians take the ashes
1 When therefore the centurion saw the contentiousness caused by the Jews, he put the body in the midst, as was their custom, and burnt it. 2 Thus we, at last, took up his bones, more precious than precious stones, and finer than gold, and put them where it was meet. 3 There the Lord will permit us to come together according to our power in gladness and joy, and celebrate the birthday of his martyrdom, both in memory of those who have already contested, and for the practice and training of those whose fate it shall be.
1 This is almost a technical term for martyrdom, cf. Ignatius's epistle to Polycarp 1:3.
Conclusion
1 Such was the lot of the blessed Polycarp, who yough he was, together with those from Philadelphia, the twelfth martyr in Smyrna, is alone especially remembered by all, so that he is spoken of in every place, even by the heathen. He was not only a famous teacher, but also a notable martyr, whose martyrdom all desire to imitate, for it followed the Gospel of Christ. 2 By his endurance he overcame the unrighteous ruler, and thus gained the crown of immortality, and he is glorifying God and the Almighty Father, rejoicing with the Apostles and all the righteous, and he is blessing our Lord Jesus Christ, the Saviour of our souls, and Governor of our bodies, and the Shepherd of the Catholic Church throughout the world.
1 You, indeed, asked that the events should be explained to you at length, but we have for the present explained them in summary by our brother Marcion; therefore when you have heard these things, send the letter to the brethren further on, that they also may glorify the Lord, who takes his chosen ones from his own servants. 2 And to him who is able to bring us all in his grace and bounty, to his heavenly kingdom, by his only begotten Child, Jesus Christ, be glory, honour, might, and majesty for ever. Greet all the saints. Those who are with us, and Evarestus, who wrote the letter, with his whole house, greet you.
The date
1 Now the blessed Polycarp was martyred on the second day of the first half of the month of Xanthicus, the seventh day before the kalends of March, a great sabbath, at the eighth hour. And he was arrested by Herod, when Philip of Tralles was High Priest, when Statius Quadratus was Pro-Consul, but Jesus Christ was reigning for ever, to whom be glory, honour, majesty and an eternal throne, from generation to generation, Amen.
2 This phrase is pointedly inserted instead of a reference to the reigning Emperor.
Notes by a later scribe
1 We bid you God-speed, brethren, who walk according to the Gospel, in the word of Jesus Christ (with whom be glory to God and the Father and the Holy Spirit), for the salvation of the Holy Elect, even as the blessed Polycarp suffered martyrdom, in whose footsteps may it be granted us to be found in the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. 2 Gaius copied this from the writing of Irenaeus, a disciple of Polycarp, and he lived with Irenaeus, and I, Socrates, wrote it out in Corinth, from the copies of Gaius. Grace be with you all. 3 And I, again, Pionius, wrote it out from the former writings, after searching for it, because the blessed Polycarp showed it me in a vision, as I will explain in what follows, and I gathered it together when it was almost worn out by age, that the Lord Jesus Christ may also gather me together with his elect into his heavenly kingdom, to whom be glory with the Father and the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen.
ANOTHER CONCLUSION FROM THE MOSCOW MANUSCRIPT.
1 We bid you God-speed, brethren, who walk according to the Gospel, in the word of Jesus Christ (with whom be glory to God and the Father and the Holy Spirit), for the salvation of the Holy Elect, even as the blessed Polycarp suffered martyrdom, in whose footsteps may it be granted us to be found in the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. [same as 22:1]
2 This account Gaius copied from the writings of Irenaeus, and he also had lived with Irenaeus, who was a disciple of the holy Polycarp. 3 For this Irenaeus, at the time of the martyrdom of the bishop Polycarp, was in Rome, and taught many, and many most excellent and correct writings are extant, in which he mentions Polycarp, saying that he had been his pupil, and he ably refuted every heresy, and he also handed on the ecclesiastical and catholic rule, as he had received it from the saint. 4 And he also says this that once Marcion, from whom come the so-called Marcionites, met the holy Polycarp and said: "Recognise us, Polycarp," and he said to Marcion, "I do recognise you, I recognise the first-born of Satan." 5 And this is also recorded in the writings of Irenaeus, that at the day and hour when Polycarp suffered in Smyrna, Irenaeus, who was in the city of Rome, heard a voice like a trumpet saying: "Polycarp has suffered martyrdom."
6 From these papers of Irenaeus, then, as was stated above, Gaius made a copy, and Isocrates used in Corinth the copy of Gaius.
7 And again I, Pionius, wrote from the copies of Isocrates, according to the revelation of the holy Polycarp, after searching for them, and gathering them together when they were almost worn out from age, that the Lord Jesus Christ may also gather me into his Heavenly Kingdom together with his Elect. To him be glory, with the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, for ever and ever, Amen.
The Church of God which sojourns at Smyrna, to the Church of God sojourning in Philomelium, and to all the congregations of the Holy and Catholic Church in every place: Mercy, peace, and love from God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ, be multiplied.
CHAPTER I -- SUBJECT OF WHICH WE WRITE.
We have written to you, brethren, as to what relates to the martyrs, and especially to the blessed Polycarp, who put an end to the persecution, having, as it were, set a seal upon it by his martyrdom. For almost all the events that happened previously [to this one], took place that the Lord might show us from above a martyrdom becoming the Gospel. For he waited to be delivered up, even as the Lord had done, that we also might become his followers, while we look not merely at what concerns ourselves but have regard also to our neighbours. For it is the part of a true and well-founded love, not only to wish one's self to be saved, but also all the brethren.
CHAPTER II -- THE WONDERFUL CONSTANCY OF THE MARTYRS.
All the martyrdoms, then, were blessed and noble which took place according to the will of God. For it becomes us who profess greater piety than others, to ascribe the authority over all things to God. And truly, who can fail to admire their nobleness of mind, and their patience, with that love towards their Lord which they displayed?--who, when they were so torn with scourges, that the frame of their bodies, even to the very inward veins and arteries, was laid open, still patiently endured, while even those that stood by pitied and bewailed them. But they reached such a pitch of magnanimity, that not one of them let a sigh or a groan escape them; thus proving to us all that those holy martyrs of Christ, at the very time when they suffered such torments, were absent from the body, or rather, that the Lord then stood by them, and communed with them. And, looking to the grace of Christ, they despised all the torments of this world, redeeming themselves from eternal punishment by [the suffering of] a single hour. For this reason the fire of their savage executioners appeared cool to them. For they kept before their view escape from that fire which is eternal and never shall be quenched, and looked forward with the eyes of their heart to those good things which are laid up for such as endure; things "which ear hath not heard, nor eye seen, neither have entered into the heart of man," but were revealed by the Lord to them, inasmuch as they were no longer men, but had already become angels. And, in like manner, those who were condemned to the wild beasts endured dreadful tortures, being stretched out upon beds full of spikes, and subjected to various other kinds of torments, in order that, if it were possible, the tyrant might, by their lingering tortures, lead them to a denial [of Christ].
CHAPTER III -- THE CONSTANCY OF GERMANICUS. THE DEATH OF POLYCARP IS
DEMANDED.
For the devil did indeed invent many things against them; but thanks be to God, he could not prevail over all. For the most noble Germanicus strengthened the timidity of others by his own patience, and fought heroically with the wild beasts. For, when the proconsul sought to persuade him, and urged him to take pity upon his age, he attracted the wild beast towards himself, and provoked it, being desirous to escape all the more quickly from an unrighteous and impious world. But upon this the whole multitude, marvelling at the nobility of mind displayed by the devout and godly race of Christians, cried out, "Away with the Atheists; let Polycarp be sought out !"
CHAPTER IV -- QUINTUS THE APOSTATE.
Now one named Quintus, a Phrygian, who was but lately come from Phrygia, when he saw the wild beasts, became afraid. This was the man who forced himself and some others to come forward voluntarily [for trial]. Him the proconsul, after many entreaties, persuaded to swear and to offer sacrifice. Wherefore, brethren, we do not commend those who give themselves up [to suffering], seeing the Gospel does not teach so to do.
CHAPTER V, --THE DEPARTURE AND VISION OF POLYCARP.
But the most admirable Polycarp, when he first heard [that he was sought for], was in no measure disturbed, but resolved to continue in the city. However, in deference to the wish of many, he was persuaded to leave it. He departed, therefore, to a country house not far distant from the city. There he stayed with a few [friends], engaged in nothing else night and day than praying for all men, and for the Churches throughout the world, according to his usual custom. And while he was praying, a vision presented itself to him three days before he was taken; and, behold, the pillow under his head seemed to him on fire. Upon this, turning to those that were with him, he said to them prophetically," I must be burnt alive."
CHAPTER VI -- POLYCARP IS BETRAYED BY A SERVANT.
And when those who sought for him were at hand, he departed to another dwelling, whither his pursuers immediately came after him. And when they found him not, they seized upon two youths [that were there], one of whom, being subjected to torture, confessed. It was thus impossible that he should continue hid, since those that betrayed him were of his own household. The Irenarch then (whose office is the same as that of the Cleronomus), by name Herod, hastened to bring him into the stadium. [This all happened] that he might fulfill his special lot, being made a partaker of Christ, and that they who betrayed him might undergo the punishment of Judas himself.
CHAPTER VII -- POLYCARP IS FOUND BY HIS PURSUERS.
His pursuers then, along with horsemen, and taking the youth with them, went forth at supper-time on the day of the preparation? with their usual weapons, as if going out against a robber. And being come about evening [to the place where he was], they found him lying down in the upper room of a certain little house, from which he might have escaped into another place; but he refused, saying, "The will of God be done." So when he heard that they were come, he went down and spake with them. And as those that were present marvelled at his age and constancy, some of them said. "Was so much effort made to capture such a venerable man? Immediately then, in that very hour, he ordered that something to eat and drink should be set before them, as much indeed as they cared for, while he besought them to allow him an hour to pray wiyout disturbance. And on their giving him leave, he stood and prayed, being full of the grace of God, so that he could not cease for two full hours, to the astonishment of them that heard him, insomuch that many began to repent that they had come forth against so godly and venerable an old man.
CHAPTER VIII -- POLYCARP IS BROUGHT INTO THE CITY.
Now, as soon as he had ceased praying, having made mention of all that had at any time come in contact with him, both small and great, illustrious and obscure, as well as the whole Catholic Church throughout the world, the time of his departure having arrived, they set him upon an ass, and conducted him into the city, the day being that of the great Sabbath. And the Irenarch Herod, accompanied by his father Nicetes (both riding in a chariot), met him, and taking him up into the chariot, they seated themselves beside him, and endeavoured to persuade him, saying, "What harm is there in saying, Lord Caesar, and in sacrificing, with the other ceremonies observed on such occasions, and so make sure of safety?" But he at first gave them no answer; and when they continued to urge him, he said, "I shall not do as you advise me." So they, having no hope of persuading him, began to speak bitter words unto him, and cast him with violence out of the chariot, insomuch that, in getting down from the carriage, he dislocated his leg [by the fall]. But wiyout being disturbed, and as if suffering nothing, he went eagerly forward with all haste, and was conducted to the stadium, where the tumult was so great, that there was no possibility of being heard.
CHAPTER IX -- POLYCARP REFUSES TO REVILE CHRIST.
Now, as Polycarp was entering into the stadium, there came to him a voice from heaven, saying, "Be strong, and show thyself a man, O Polycarp !" No one saw who it was that spoke to him; but those of our brethren who were present heard the voice. And as he was brought forward, the tumult became great when they heard that Polycarp was taken. And when he came near, the proconsul asked him whether he was Polycarp. On his confessing that he was, [the proconsul] sought to persuade him to deny [Christ], saying, "Have respect to thy old age," and other similar things, according to their custom, [such as]," Swear by the fortune of Caesar; repent, and say, Away with the Atheists." But Polycarp, gazing with a stern countenance on all the multitude of the wicked heathen then in the stadium, and waving his hand towards them, while with groans he looked up to heaven, said, "Away with the Atheists." Then, the proconsul urging him, and saying, "Swear, and I will set thee at liberty, reproach Christ;" Polycarp declared, "Eighty and six years have I served Him, and He never did me any injury: how then can I blaspheme my King and my Saviour?"
CHAPTER X -- POLYCARP CONFESSES HIMSELF A CHRISTIAN.
And when the proconsul yet again pressed him, and said, "Swear by the fortune of Caesar," he answered, "Since you art vainly urgent that, as you sayest, I should swear by the fortune of Caesar, and pretendest not to know who and what I am, hear me declare with boldness, I am a Christian. And if you wish to learn what the doctrines of Christianity are, appoint me a day, and you shalt hear them." The proconsul replied, "Persuade the people." But Polycarp said, "To thee I have yought it right to offer an account [of my faith]; for we are taught to give all due honour (which entails no injury upon ourselves) to the powers and authorities which are ordained of God. But as for these, I do not deem them worthy of receiving any account from me."
CHAPTER XI -- NO THREATS HAVE ANY EFFECT ON POLYCARP.
The proconsul then said to him, "I have wild beasts at hand; to these will I cast thee, except you repent." But he answered, "Call them then, for we are not accustomed to repent of what is good in order to adopt that which is evil; and it is well for me to be changed from what is evil to what is righteous." But again the proconsul said to him, "I will cause thee to be consumed by fire, seeing you despisest the wild beasts, if you wilt not repent." But Polycarp said, "You threatenest me with fire which burneth for an hour, and after a little is extinguished, but art ignorant of the fire of the coming judgment and of eternal punishment, reserved for the ungodly. But why tarriest you? Bring forth what you wilt."
CHAPTER XII -- POLYCARP IS SENTENCED TO BE BURNED.
While he spoke these and many other like things, he was filled with confidence and joy, and his countenance was full of grace, so that not merely did it not fall as if troubled by the things said to him, but, on the contrary, the proconsul was astonished, and sent his herald to proclaim in the midst of the stadium thrice, "Polycarp has confessed that he is a Christian." This proclamation having been made by the herald, the whole multitude both of the heathen and Jews, who dwelt at Smyrna, cried out with uncontrollable fury, and in a loud voice, "This is the teacher of Asia, the father of the Christians, and the overthrower of our gods, he who has been teaching many not to sacrifice, or to worship the gods." Speaking thus, they cried out, and besought Philip the Asiarch to let loose a lion upon Polycarp. But Philip answered that it was not lawful for him to do so, seeing the shows of wild beasts were already finished. Then it seemed good to them to cry out with one consent, that Polycarp should be burnt alive. For thus it behooved the vision which was revealed to him in regard to his pillow to be fulfilled, when, seeing it on fire as he was praying, he turned about and said prophetically to the faithful that were with him," I must be burnt alive."
CHAPTER XIII -- THE FUNERAL PILE IS ERECTED,
This, then, was carried into effect with greater speed than it was spoken, the multitudes immediately gathering together wood and fagots out of the shops and baths; the Jews especially, according to custom, eagerly assisting them in it. And when the funeral pile was ready, Polycarp, laying aside all his garments, and loosing his girdle, sought also to take off his sandals,--a thing he was not accustomed to do, inasmuch as every one of the faithful was always eager who should first touch his skin. For, on account of his holy life, he was, even before his martyrdom, adorned with every kind of good. Immediately then they surrounded him with those substances which had been prepared for the funeral pile. But when they were about also to fix him with nails, he said, "Leave me as I am; for He that giveth me strength to endure the fire, will also enable me, wiyout your securing me by nails, to remain wiyout moving in the pile."
CHAPTER XIV -- THE PRAYER OF POLYCARP.
They did not nail him then, but simply bound him. And he, placing his hands behind him, and being bound like a distinguished ram [taken] out of a great flock for sacrifice, and prepared to be an acceptable burnt-offering unto God, looked up to heaven, and said, "O Lord God Almighty, the Father of thy beloved and blessed Son Jesus Christ, by whom we have received the knowledge of Thee, the God of angels and powers, and of every creature, and of the whole race of the righteous who live before thee, I give Thee thanks that You hast counted me, worthy of this day and this hour, that I should have a part in the number of Thy martyrs, in the cup of thy Christ, to the resurrection of eternal life, both of soul and body, through the incorruption [imparted] by the Holy Ghost. Among whom may I be accepted this day before Thee as a fat and acceptable sacrifice, according as You, the ever-truthful God, hast fore-ordained, hast revealed beforehand to me, and now hast fulfilled. Wherefore also I praise Thee for all things, I bless Thee, I glorify Thee, along with the everlasting and heavenly Jesus Christ, Thy beloved Son, with whom, to Thee, and the Holy Ghost, be glory both now and to all coming ages. Amen."
CHAPTER XV -- POLYCARP IS NOT INJURED BY THE FIRE.
When he had pronounced this amen, and so finished his prayer, those who were appointed for the purpose kindled the fire. And as the flame blazed forth in great fury, we, to whom it was given to witness it, beheld a great miracle, and have been preserved that we might report to others what then took place. For the fire, shaping itself into the form of an arch, like the sail of a ship when filled with the wind, encompassed as by a circle the body of the martyr. And he appeared within not like flesh which is burnt, but as bread that is baked, or as gold and silver glowing in a furnace. Moreover, we perceived such a sweet odour [coming from the pile], as if frankincense or some such precious spices had been smoking there.
CHAPTER XVI -- POLYCARP IS PIERCED BY A DAGGER.
At length, when those wicked men perceived that his body could not be consumed by the fire, they commanded an executioner to go near and pierce him through with a dagger. And on his doing this, there came forth a dove, and a great quantity of blood, so that the fire was extinguished; and all the people wondered that there should be such a difference between the unbelievers and the elect, of whom this most admirable Polycarp was one, having in our own times been an apostolic and prophetic teacher, and bishop of the Catholic Church which is in Smyrna. For every word that went out of his mouth either has been or shall yet be accomplished.
CHAPTER XVII -- THE CHRISTIANS ARE REFUSED POLYCARP'S BODY.
But when the adversary of the race of the righteous, the envious, malicious, and wicked one, perceived the impressive nature of his martyrdom, and [considered] the blameless life he had led from the beginning, and how he was now crowned with the wreath of immortality, having beyond dispute received his reward, he did his utmost that not the least memorial of him should be taken away by us, alyough many desired to do this, and to become possessors of his holy flesh. For this end he suggested it to Nicetes, the father of Herod and brother of Alce, to go and entreat the governor not to give up his body to be buried, "lest," said he, "forsaking Him that was crucified, they begin to worship this one." This he said at the suggestion and urgent persuasion of the Jews, who also watched us, as we sought to take him out of the fire, being ignorant of this, that it is neither possible for us ever to forsake Christ, who suffered for the salvation of such as shall be saved throughout the whole world (the blameless one for sinners), nor to worship any other. For Him indeed, as being the Son of God, we adore; but the martyrs, as disciples and followers of the Lord, we worthily love on account of their extraordinary affection towards their own King and Master, of whom may we also be made companions and fellow-disciples!
CHAPTER XVIII -- THE BODY OF POLYCARP IS BURNED.
The centurion then, seeing the strife excited by the Jews, placed the body in the midst of the fire, and consumed it. Accordingly, we afterwards took up his bones, as being more precious than the most exquisite jewels, and more purified than gold, and deposited them in a fitting place, whither, being gathered together, as opportunity is allowed us, with joy and rejoicing, the Lord shall grant us to celebrate the anniversary of his martyrdom, both in memory of those who have already finished their course, and for the exercising and preparation of those yet to walk in their steps.
CHAPTER XIX -- PRAISE OF THE MARTYR POLYCARP.
This, then, is the account of the blessed Polycarp, who, being the twelfth that was martyred in Smyrna (reckoning those also of Philadelphia), yet occupies a place of his own in the memory of all men, insomuch that he is everywhere spoken of by the heathen themselves. He was not merely an illustrious teacher, but also a pre-eminent martyr, whose martyrdom all desire to imitate, as having been altogether consistent with the Gospel of Christ. For, having through patience overcome the unjust governor, and thus acquired the crown of immortality, he now, with the apostles and all the righteous[in heaven], rejoicingly glorifies God, even the Father, and blesses our Lord Jesus Christ, the Saviour of our souls, the Governor of our bodies, and the Shepherd of the Catholic Church throughout the world.
CHAPTER XX -- THIS EPISTLE IS TO BE TRANSMITTED TO THE BRETHREN.
Since, then, ye requested that we would at large make you acquainted with what really took place, we have for the present sent you this summary account through our brother Marcus. When, therefore, ye have yourselves read this Epistle, be pleased to send it to the brethren at a greater distance, that they also may glorify the Lord, who makes such choice of His own servants. To Him who is able to bring us all by His grace and goodness into his everlasting kingdom, through His only-begotten Son Jesus Christ, to Him be glory, and honour, and power, and majesty, for ever. Amen. Salute all the saints. They that are with us salute you, and Evarestus, who wrote this Epistle, with all his house.
CHAPTER XXI -- THE DATE OF THE MARTYRDOM.
Now, the blessed Polycarp suffered martyrdom on the second day of the month Xanthicus just begun, the seventh day before the Kalends of May, on the great Sabbath, at the eighth hour. He was taken by Herod, Philip the Trallian being high priest, Statius Quadratus being proconsul, but Jesus Christ being King for ever, to whom be glory, honour, majesty, and an everlasting throne, from generation to generation. Amen.
CHAPTER XXII -- SALUTATION.
We wish you, brethren, all happiness, while you walk according to the doctrine of the Gospel of Jesus Christ; with whom be glory to God the Father and the Holy Spirit, for the salvation of His holy elect, after whose example the blessed Polycarp suffered, following in whose steins may we too be found in the kingdom of Jesus Christ!
These things Caius transcribed from the copy of Irenaeus (who was a disciple of Polycarp), having himself been intimate with Irenaeus. And I Socrates transcribed them at Corinth from the copy of Caius. Grace be with you all.
And I again, Pionius, wrote them from the previously written copy, having carefully searched into them, and the blessed Polycarp having manifested them to me through a revelation, even as I shall show in what follows. I have collected these things, when they had almost faded away through the lapse of time, that the Lord Jesus Christ may also gather me along with His elect into His heavenly kingdom, to whom, with the Father and the Holy Spirit, be glory for ever and ever. Amen.
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